Unit
X- Emerging trends in education
Impact
of globalization, liberalization and privatization on education
Privatization
of Education:
After
the independence, providing higher education was the responsibility of the
State. The institutes offering education were therefore ‘public’ in character.
However, massification of higher education and subsequent rise in institutes
and universities placed unbearable financial burden on the State.
The
State had no choice to permit private enterprises to start institutes. The LPG
process has given boost to this process
as a result different categories of edu providers emerged. Powar (2011)
suggested following typology for these education providers:
I: Traditional Providers: 1. Universities and
Colleges
II: Recent Providers: Open Universities , Autonomous
Institutions, Training Centres
and Coaching Classes
III: Virtual Universities . Diploma and Degree
Growth
of Private Institution
There has been a fast growth of private
educational institutions in India. PRIVATE
INSTITUTIONS
|
SL No
|
Year
|
Share
of Self- financed institutions to
Total institutions
|
Share of students’
enrolment to total
enrolment
|
|
1
2
3.
4.
|
2001
2007
2012
2015
|
42.6
61.8
63.9
65.2
|
32.9
58.9
67.1
68.3
|
FICCI Higher Education summit- 2015
·
Table: shows that the share of unaided
private educational institutions to the total number of educational
institutions increased from 42.6 per cent in 2001 to 65.2 per cent in 2015.
·
It is also seen that the share of
students’ enrolment to the total enrolment increased 32.9 to 68.3 during the
same periods. Thus, about one of third of the institutions is owned and
financed by the private individuals and more than one third of the students are
studying there.
·
It proves that there is a fast growth in
the number of private educational institutions and students’ enrolment in
India.
Demand
and Supply of Higher Education
There
is a gap between the demand and supply of higher education in nursing, arts and
science and engineering colleges due to increasing the number of self financial
college and universities in the emerging Indian society.
Hence
an attempt is made at district level to find out the gap between demand and
supply of education. The demand for education refers to the number of candidate
enrolled in a college in a particular academic year.
On the other hand, supply of education refers
to the number of seats allotted by the affiliated university in the particular
academic year. The aggregate demand and supply of higher education in arts and
science, engineering and medical colleges are given in Table
SL.
No
Colleges Aggregate Demand Aggregate
Supply Gap(in %)
1 Arts
and Science 10469 11954 12.42
2. Engineering
10990 14655 25.01
3 Medical
1259 1280 1.64
Positive
impact of Privatisation of Education
The
role of privatisation is essential to provide higher education to the over
populated country like India. In fact, provision of higher education is one of
the responsibilities of the government to prepare its people efficient in vocation
and self sufficient in economic life.
Moreover, produce more and more human
resources to meet the increasing demand for skilled and qualified one in
agricultural industrial and service sectors.
It is not possible in the absence of higher
education and training in different fields. At the same time, such education
requires more and more investment which is beyond the fiscal power of the
government. At this juncture, privatisation of
higher education helps to meets
the demand for such education in the Indian society.
Economically, higher education is one of the
positive impacts of privatisation in the modern society. Hence, an attempt is
made to discern the positive impact of privatisation of education in the Indian
society.
SL.
No Impact
No of Respondent %
1 Reduce Distance of Educational
Institutions 71 35.5
2. Join any course irrespective of merit
64 32.0
3. Employment 37 18.5
4. Regional Development 15 7.5
5. Increase the Demand for higher
Education 13 6.5
Total 200
100.00
Negative
Impacts of Privatisation of Education
1. High Cost of Education
2. Poor Faculty
3. Inadequate infrastructure
4. Education a Business
5. Lack of Quality Education but
restless work
6. Exploitation
7 Partiality
Sir thanku very much for compter lesson plan...
ReplyDelete